<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jkto</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-2016</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ПРОФИЛЬ — 2С</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10/17238/issn2226-2016.2026.1.30-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jkto-123</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Субвастус-доступ при роботическом эндопротезировании коленного сустава</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Subvastus approach in robotic total knee arthroplasty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пиманчев</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pimanchev</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Вячеславович Пиманчев, врач-травматолог-ортопед первойкатегории, к. м. н., заведующий Центром, заведующий отделением, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>Центр травматологии и ортопедии; отделение травматологии и ортопедии; кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>105203; ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д.70; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Pimanchev, MD, PhD, Head of the Center, Head of the Department</p><p>Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics; Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>105203; Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Street, house 70; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pimanchev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Небелас</surname><given-names>Р. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nebelas</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Петрович Небелас, врач-травматолог-ортопед</p><p>Центр травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>105203; ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д.70; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman P. Nebelas, MD, Orthopedic Trauma Surgeon</p><p>Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>105203; Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Street, house 70; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nebelrp@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ряполов</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryapolov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Владимирович Ряполов, асс., заведующий кафедры, врач-травматолог-ортопед высшей категории</p><p>кафедра травматологии и ортопедии; Центр травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>105203; ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д.70; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury V. Ryapolov, MD, Assistant Professor</p><p>Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics; Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>105203; Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Street, house 70; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuriy.ryapolov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилюк</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavriliuk</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владислав Владимирович Гаврилюк, клинический ординатор</p><p>Институт усовершенствования врачей; кафедра травматологии и ортопедии </p><p>105203; ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Gavriliuk, Clinical Resident</p><p>Postgraduate Medical Education Institute; Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>105203; Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Street, house 70; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gavriliukvladislav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Алексеевич Романов, асс., к. м. н., ассистент</p><p>кафедра травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф</p><p>119991; ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Romanov, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor</p><p>Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery</p><p>119991; Trubetskaya St., house 8, building 2; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romanov_d_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения&#13;
Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медико-хирургический Центр им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пиманчев О.В., Небелас Р.П., Ряполов Ю.В., Гаврилюк В.В., Романов Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пиманчев О.В., Небелас Р.П., Ряполов Ю.В., Гаврилюк В.В., Романов Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pimanchev O.V., Nebelas R.P., Ryapolov Y.V., Gavriliuk V.V., Romanov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/123">https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/123</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Обоснование</title><p>   Обоснование. Высокий процент неудовлетворительный результатов тотального эндопротезирования коленного сустава (ТЭКС) диктует необходимость совершенствования хирургических методик, в том числе за счет применения минимально инвазивных доступов и роботических систем.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель исследования</title><p>   Цель исследования: оценить эффективность роботического ТЭКС с использованием субвастус-доступа по сравнению со стандартным ТЭКС.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы: в проспективное рандомизированное исследование включены 60 пациентов с гонартрозом III стадии по Kellgren &amp; Lawrence (Келлгрен-Лоуренс). Основная группа (n = 31) оперирована с применением роботической системы и субвастус-доступа. Группа сравнения (n = 29) – мануальное ТЭКС с применением медиального парапателлярного доступа. Оценивали интенсивность болевого синдрома (ВАШ), функциональные исходы (KOOS) и амплитуду движений в коленном суставе в сроки до 12 месяцев.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты: в основной группе в раннем послеоперационном периоде (1-е, 3-и, 5-е сутки и 1 месяц) показатели интенсивности боли статистически значимо (p &lt; 0,05) ниже, амплитуда движений больше и функциональные показатели по шкале KOOS лучше. Потребность в анальгетиках в стационаре была на 32,5 % ниже. К 6 и 12 месяцам статистически значимые различия между группами нивелировались.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение: применение субвастус-доступа в робот-ассистированной технике ТЭКС обеспечивает снижение болевого синдрома и ускорение функциональной реабилитации в раннем послеоперационном периоде по сравнению с мануальной техникой, выполненной через традиционный доступ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background: the high rate of unsatisfactory outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) necessitates continuous refinement of surgical techniques, including the implementation of minimally invasive approaches and robotic-assisted systems.</p></sec><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of robotic-assisted TKA utilizing the subvastus approach compared with conventional manual TKA.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and Methods</title><p>   Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial enrolled 60 patients with stage III knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade). The study group (n=31) underwent robotic-assisted TKA via subvastus approach; the control group (n=29) received manual TKA through medial parapatellar approach. Primary outcomes included pain intensity (VAS), functional recovery (KOOS), and knee range of motion assessed up to 12 months postoperatively.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results: In the early postoperative period (postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and month 1), the robotic subvastus group demonstrated statistically significant reductions in pain scores (p &lt; 0.05), greater knee range of motion, and superior KOOS functional scores. Analgesic requirements during hospitalization were 32.5 % lower in the study group. By 6 and 12 months, intergroup differences were no longer statistically significant.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion: The subvastus approach in robotic-assisted TKA significantly reduces early postoperative pain and accelerates functional rehabilitation compared to conventional manual TKA performed through medial parapatellar approach.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндопротезирование коленного сустава</kwd><kwd>остеоартрит коленного сустава</kwd><kwd>робот-ассистированная хирургия</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd><kwd>послеоперационная боль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arthroplasty</kwd><kwd>replacement</kwd><kwd>knee</kwd><kwd>osteoarthritis</kwd><kwd>knee</kwd><kwd>robotic surgical procedures</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>pain</kwd><kwd>postoperative</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лычагин А.В., Грицюк А.А., Рукин Я.А., Елизаров М.П., Грицюк А.А., Гавловский М.Я., Богатов Т.В. Клиническая эффективность и точность выравнивания механической оси при роботизированном тотальном эндопротезировании коленного сустава. Гений ортопедии. 2023;29(5):487-494. doi: 10.18019/1028-4427-2023-29-5-487-494.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lychagin A.V., Gritsyuk A.A., Rukin Ya.A., Elizarov M.P., Gritsyuk A.A., Gavlovsky M.Ya., Bogatov T.V. Clinical evaluation and accuracy of mechanical axis alignment in robotic total knee arthroplasty. Genij Ortopedii. 2023;29(5):487-494. (in Russian). doi: 10.18019/1028-4427-2023-29-5-487-494.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузин В.В., Кузин А.В., Германов А.В., Шпак М.А. Влияние принципа персонализированного выравнивания на положение компонентов эндопротеза при тотальном эндопротезировании коленного сустава. Гений ортопедии. 2025;31(1):12-18. doi: 10.18019/1028-4427-2025-31-1-12-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzin V.V., Kuzin A.V., Germanov A.V., Shpak M.A. Impact of personalized alignment technique on implant components position in total knee arthroplasty. Genij Ortopedii. 2025;31(1):12-18. (in Russian). doi: 10.18019/1028-4427-2025-31-1-12-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Герасенкова А.Д., Орлецкий А.К., Шумский А.А., Крылов С.В., Дгебуадзе Г. Ранние результаты первичного робот-ассистированного эндопротезирования коленного сустава с использованием системы STRYKER MAKO. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2024;112(2):13. doi: 10.17513/spno.33312.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerasenkova A.D., Orletsky A.K., Shumsky A.A., Krylov S.V., Dgebuadze G. Early results of primary robot-assisted knee endoprosthetics using the STRYKER MAKO system. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2024;112(2): Art 13. (in Russian). doi: 10.17513/spno.33312.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цед А.Н., Кожевин А.А., Муштин Н.Е. Современные тренды в ранней реабилитации пациентов после тотального эндопротезирования тазобедренного и коленного суставов. Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова. 2024;183(1):60-65. doi: 10.24884/0042-4625-2024-183-1-60-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsed A.N., Kozhevin A.A., Mushtin N.E. Current trends in early rehabilitation of patients after total hip and knee replacement. Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery. 2024;183(1):60-65. (in Russian). doi: 10.24884/0042-4625-2024-183-1-60-65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вadawi I., Ismail A., Waly A., Khalkaf M. Prospective comparative study of medial parapatellar and medial subvastus approaches in total knee arthroplasty. Genij Ortopedii. 2024;30(4):511-521. doi: 10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-4-511-521.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вadawi I., Ismail A., Waly A., Khalkaf M. Prospective comparative study of medial parapatellar and medial subvastus approaches in total knee arthroplasty. Genij Ortopedii. 2024;30(4):511-521. doi: 10.18019/1028-4427-2024-30-4-511-521.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sokolovskii SE, Zykin AA, Rukina NN, Malyshev EE. Minimally Invasive (Epivastus) Approach for Total Knee Arthroplasty. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med. 2023;15(4):23-28. doi: 10.17691/stm2023.15.4.02.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolovskii SE, Zykin AA, Rukina NN, Malyshev EE. Minimally Invasive (Epivastus) Approach for Total Knee Arthroplasty. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med. 2023;15(4):23-28. doi: 10.17691/stm2023.15.4.02.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tria AJ Jr, Coon TM. Minimal incision total knee arthroplasty: early experience. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003 Nov;(416):185-90. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000093030.56370.d9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tria AJ Jr, Coon TM. Minimal incision total knee arthroplasty: early experience. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003 Nov;(416):185-90. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000093030.56370.d9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tria AJ, Scuderi GR. Minimally invasive knee arthroplasty : An overview. World J Orthop. 2015 Nov 18;6(10):804-11. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v6.i10.804.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tria AJ, Scuderi GR. Minimally invasive knee arthroplasty : An overview. World J Orthop. 2015 Nov 18;6(10):804-11. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v6.i10.804.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li C, Zeng Y, Shen B, Kang P, Yang J, Zhou Z, Pei F. A meta-analysis of minimally invasive and conventional medial parapatella approaches for primary total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015 Jul;23(7):1971-85. doi: 10.1007/s00167-014-2837-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li C, Zeng Y, Shen B, Kang P, Yang J, Zhou Z, Pei F. A meta-analysis of minimally invasive and conventional medial parapatella approaches for primary total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015 Jul;23(7):1971-85. doi: 10.1007/s00167-014-2837-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Başarir K, Erdemli B, Tuccar E, Esmer AF. Safe zone for the descending genicular artery in the midvastus approach to the knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Oct;451:96-100. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000223995.79894.5e.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Başarir K, Erdemli B, Tuccar E, Esmer AF. Safe zone for the descending genicular artery in the midvastus approach to the knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Oct;451:96-100. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000223995.79894.5e.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pagnano MW, Meneghini RM. Minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty with an optimized subvastus approach. J Arthroplasty. 2006 Jun;21(4 Suppl 1):22-6. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2006.02.081.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pagnano MW, Meneghini RM. Minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty with an optimized subvastus approach. J Arthroplasty. 2006 Jun;21(4 Suppl 1):22-6. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2006.02.081.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roysam GS, Oakley MJ. Subvastus approach for total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, and observer-blinded trial. J Arthroplasty. 2001 Jun;16(4):454-7. doi: 10.1054/arth.2001.22388.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roysam GS, Oakley MJ. Subvastus approach for total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, and observer-blinded trial. J Arthroplasty. 2001 Jun;16(4):454-7. doi: 10.1054/arth.2001.22388.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schroer WC, Diesfeld PJ, Reedy ME, LeMarr AR. Mini-subvastus approach for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2008 Jan;23(1):19-25. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2006.12.100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schroer WC, Diesfeld PJ, Reedy ME, LeMarr AR. Mini-subvastus approach for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2008 Jan;23(1):19-25. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2006.12.100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tenholder M, Clarke HD, Scuderi GR. Minimal-incision total knee arthroplasty: the early clinical experience. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Nov;440:67-76. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000185450.89364.10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tenholder M, Clarke HD, Scuderi GR. Minimal-incision total knee arthroplasty: the early clinical experience. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005 Nov;440:67-76. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000185450.89364.10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aglietti P, Baldini A, Sensi L. Quadriceps-sparing versus minisubvastus approach in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Nov;452:106-11. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000238789.51972.16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aglietti P, Baldini A, Sensi L. Quadriceps-sparing versus minisubvastus approach in total knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2006 Nov;452:106-11. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000238789.51972.16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berth A, Urbach D, Neumann W, Awiszus F. Strength and voluntary activation of quadriceps femoris muscle in total knee arthroplasty with midvastus and subvastus approaches. J Arthroplasty. 2007 Jan;22(1):83-8. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2006.02.161.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berth A, Urbach D, Neumann W, Awiszus F. Strength and voluntary activation of quadriceps femoris muscle in total knee arthroplasty with midvastus and subvastus approaches. J Arthroplasty. 2007 Jan;22(1):83-8. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2006.02.161.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sporer SM. The minimally invasive subvastus approach for primary total knee arthroplasty. J Knee Surg. 2006 Jan;19(1):58-62. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1248080.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sporer SM. The minimally invasive subvastus approach for primary total knee arthroplasty. J Knee Surg. 2006 Jan;19(1):58-62. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1248080.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kazarian GS, Siow MY, Chen AF, Deirmengian CA. Comparison of Quadriceps-Sparing and Medial Parapatellar Approaches in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Jan;33(1):277-283. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.08.025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazarian GS, Siow MY, Chen AF, Deirmengian CA. Comparison of Quadriceps-Sparing and Medial Parapatellar Approaches in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Jan;33(1):277-283. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.08.025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">St Mart JP, Goh EL. The current state of robotics in total knee arthroplasty. EFORT Open Rev. 2021 Apr 1;6(4):270-279. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200052.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">St Mart JP, Goh EL. The current state of robotics in total knee arthroplasty. EFORT Open Rev. 2021 Apr 1;6(4):270-279. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200052.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nogalo C., Meena, A., Abermann, E. et al. Complications and downsides of the robotic total knee arthroplasty : a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2023 June 18; 31: 736–750. doi: 10.1007/s00167-022-07031-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nogalo C., Meena, A., Abermann, E. et al. Complications and downsides of the robotic total knee arthroplasty : a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2023 June 18; 31: 736–750. doi: 10.1007/s00167-022-07031-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shatrov, J., &amp; Parker, D. (2020). Computer and robotic—assisted total knee arthroplasty : A review of outcomes. Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics. 2020 Sep 24; 7(1), 70. doi: 10.1186/s40634-020-00278-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shatrov, J., &amp; Parker, D. (2020). Computer and robotic—assisted total knee arthroplasty : A review of outcomes. Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics. 2020 Sep 24; 7(1), 70. doi: 10.1186/s40634-020-00278-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sultan AA, Piuzzi N, Khlopas A, Chughtai M, Sodhi N, Mont MA. Utilization of robotic-arm assisted total knee arthroplasty for soft tissue protection. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2017 Dec;14(12):925-927. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2017.1392237.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sultan AA, Piuzzi N, Khlopas A, Chughtai M, Sodhi N, Mont MA. Utilization of robotic-arm assisted total knee arthroplasty for soft tissue protection. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2017 Dec;14(12):925-927. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2017.1392237.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siddiqi A, Horan T, Molloy RM, Bloomfield MR, Patel PD, Piuzzi NS. A clinical review of robotic navigation in total knee arthroplasty: historical systems to modern design. EFORT Open Rev. 2021 Apr 1;6(4):252-269. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200071.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siddiqi A, Horan T, Molloy RM, Bloomfield MR, Patel PD, Piuzzi NS. A clinical review of robotic navigation in total knee arthroplasty: historical systems to modern design. EFORT Open Rev. 2021 Apr 1;6(4):252-269. doi: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200071.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chandrashekar, P., Babu, K.A., Nagaraja, H.S. et al. Intraoperative Safety of an Autonomous Robotic System for Total Knee Replacement : A Review of 500 Cases in India. JOIO. 57, 1800–1808 (2023). doi: 10.1007/s43465-023-00970-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chandrashekar, P., Babu, K.A., Nagaraja, H.S. et al. Intraoperative Safety of an Autonomous Robotic System for Total Knee Replacement : A Review of 500 Cases in India. JOIO. 57, 1800–1808 (2023). doi: 10.1007/s43465-023-00970-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hampp EL, Chughtai M, Scholl LY, Sodhi N, Bhowmik-Stoker M, Jacofsky DJ, Mont MA. Robotic-Arm Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Demonstrated Greater Accuracy and Precision to Plan Compared with Manual Techniques. J Knee Surg. 2019 Mar;32(3):239-250. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1641729.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hampp EL, Chughtai M, Scholl LY, Sodhi N, Bhowmik-Stoker M, Jacofsky DJ, Mont MA. Robotic-Arm Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Demonstrated Greater Accuracy and Precision to Plan Compared with Manual Techniques. J Knee Surg. 2019 Mar;32(3):239-250. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1641729.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song EK, Seon JK, Park SJ, Jung WB, Park HW, Lee GW. Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty with robotic and conventional techniques: a prospective, randomized study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2011 Jul;19(7):1069-76. doi: 10.1007/s00167-011-1400-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song EK, Seon JK, Park SJ, Jung WB, Park HW, Lee GW. Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty with robotic and conventional techniques: a prospective, randomized study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2011 Jul;19(7):1069-76. doi: 10.1007/s00167-011-1400-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li J, Yan Z, Lv Y, Li Y, Ye P, Deng P, Zhang H, Chen J, Li J, Qi X, Zeng J, Zeng Y, Feng W. Impact of intraoperative medial collateral ligament injury on outcomes after total knee arthroplasty : a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Nov 20;16(1):686. doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02824-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J, Yan Z, Lv Y, Li Y, Ye P, Deng P, Zhang H, Chen J, Li J, Qi X, Zeng J, Zeng Y, Feng W. Impact of intraoperative medial collateral ligament injury on outcomes after total knee arthroplasty : a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021 Nov 20;16(1):686. doi: 10.1186/s13018-021-02824-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim K, Kim YH, Park WM, Rhyu KH. Stress concentration near pin holes associated with fracture risk after computer navigated total knee arthroplasty. Comput Aided Surg. 2010;15(4-6):98-103. doi: 10.3109/10929088.2010.515419.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim K, Kim YH, Park WM, Rhyu KH. Stress concentration near pin holes associated with fracture risk after computer navigated total knee arthroplasty. Comput Aided Surg. 2010;15(4-6):98-103. doi: 10.3109/10929088.2010.515419.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
