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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jkto</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-2016</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ПРОФИЛЬ — 2С</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2226-2016-2025-2-19-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jkto-16</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дистракционный остеосинтез костей голени в условиях дефицита/профицита мягких тканей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Distractive Osteosynthesis of Shin Bones In Case of Deficiency/Excess of Soft Tissue</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6815-7162</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клинцов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klintsov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клинцов Егор Владимирович – аспирант, врач-травматолог-ортопед </p><p>640014, Курган </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor V. Klintsov – orthopedic and trauma surgeon, postgraduate student </p><p>Kurgan, st. M. Ulyanova, 6 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.rubisco@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грищенко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishchenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грищенко Елена Викторовна – врач-травматолог-ортопед </p><p>117186, Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Grishchenko – orthopedic and trauma surgeon </p><p>Moscow, st. Nagornaya 17, build. 6 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-omsk2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени академика Г.А. Илизарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician G.A. Ilizarov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО Юсуповская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limited Liability Company Yusupov Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Клинцов Е.В., Грищенко Е.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клинцов Е.В., Грищенко Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klintsov E.V., Grishchenko E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/16">https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/16</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Ввиду постоянного роста числа пациентов с осложнениями переломов костей голени (остит, остеомиелит, ложный сустав, инфицированный ложный сустав) имеется необходимость в рационализации и совершенствовании методов их лечения.</p><p>Цель работы - изучение особенностей формирования дистракционного костного регенерата у пациентов с наличием и отсутствием локального инфекционного процесса в кости в условиях дефицита и профицита мягких тканей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ходе одноцентрового ретроспективного исследования отобрано 82 пациента, которым выполнялось замещение дефекта большеберцовой кости по различным методикам в Центре Илизарова в период с 2010 по 2024 года. Средний возраст составил 42 года. Было получено 2 основных группы: 1- в которой выполнялся транспорт костного фрагмента для замещения дефекта с сохранением длины сегмента, 2 — укорочение сегмента с последующим восстановением длины. Изучаемые показатели в группах: относительная величина дефекта (отношение длины дефекта к оригинальной длине сегмента, далее ОВД), объём дистракционного регенерата, минимальный диаметр дистракционного регенерата в одной из проекций, морфометрический тип дистракционного регенерата в классификации Li Ru и возраст пациента. Средняя величина дефекта составила 27,2% (минимальная 12%, максимальная 63%). Все оперативные вмешательства проводились опытными хирургами. „Холостой ход“ убирался на 7-10 сутки. Скорость дистракции до рентгенологического подтверждения расхождения отломков составляла 1 мм/ день и снижалась на амбулаторном этапе лечения до 0,5 мм/сутки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведена проверка на нормальность распределения признаков во всех группах по Шапиро-Уилку. Далее выполнено сравнение на достоверность различий между пациентами с наличием/отсутствием локального инфекционного процесса, которым выполнялся однотипный способ замещения кости (или транспорт сегмента или укорочение с последующим удлинением).Были выявлены минимальные статистически значимые различия по возрасту и типу типу регенерата по Li у пациентов внутри группы 1. Статистически значимых различий по всем остальным показателям в обеих группах не было выявлено. Результирующими показателями для оценки дистракционного регенерата являются его минимальный диаметр и тип регенерата по Ru Li.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Статистически доказано отсутствие влияния локального инфекционного процесса в кости и мягких тканях вокруг на дистракционный неоостеогенез.</p><p>После проведения корреляционного анализа по основным показателям в обеих группах и их сравнении доказано, что дистракционный остеонеогенез протекает лучше в условиях избытка мягких тканей, то есть при укорочении сегмента с последующим восстановлением длины.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim to study the features of callus formation in patients with the presence and absence of a local infectious process in the bone in case of deficiency/ excess of soft tissue.</p><sec><title>Rationale</title><p>Rationale. Due to the constant increase in the number of patients with complications of fractures of the shin bones (ostitis, osteomyelitis, false joint, infected false joint), there is a need to rationalize and improve their treatment methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. In the course of a single-center retrospective study, 82 patients were selected. All this patients underwent tibial defect replacement using various methods at the Ilizarov Center. Timelimit from 2010 to 2024. When processing the primary documentation, 29 cases were excluded due to various reasons (the most common was the lack of final radiographs, because patients completed treatment at their place of residence). The average age of the remaining 56 patients was 42 years. Two main groups were obtained: 1- in which the bone fragment was transported to replace the defect while maintaining the segment length, and 2— segment shortening with following length restoration. The studied indicators in the groups were: the relative size of the defect (the ratio of the length of the defect to the original segment length), the volume of distraction regenerate, the minimum diameter of distraction regenerate in one of the radiographic projections, the ratio between minimum diameter and relative size of the defect, the morphometric type of distraction bone regenerate in Li Ru classifications and the age of the patient. The average defect value was 27.2% (minimum 12%, maximum 63%). All surgical procedures were performed by experienced surgeons. After the osteotomy the distraction was delayed for a 7-10 days , then the distraction mode was 1,0 mm/day until X-ray confirmation of the clear space between the fragments. Most of the patients were then discharged on an outpatient basis with the recommended distraction speed 0.5 mm/day.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A check was carried out on the normality of the distribution of signs in all groups according to Shapiro-Wilk. Next, a comparison was performed for the reliability of differences between patients with the presence/absence of a local infectious process, who performed the same type of bone replacement method (either segment bone transport or shortening with following length restoration).Minimal statistically significant differences in age and type of Li regenerate were found in patients who underwent bone transport. There were no statistically significant differences in all other indicators in both groups. The resulting indicators for assessing distraction regeneration are its minimum diameter and the type of regenerate according to Ru Li, because of asymmetric load on the entire structure of the regenerate, even the presence of a large volume makes it impossible to carry out a functional load on the segment. The absence of the influence of a local infectious process in bone and soft tissues around on distractive neoosteogenesis has been statistically proven. After conducting a correlation analysis of the main indicators in both groups and comparing them, it was proved that distractive osteoneogenesis proceeds better in conditions of an excess of soft tissues, that is, with segment shortening with following length restoration.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дистракционный остеосинтез по Илизарову</kwd><kwd>замещение дефекта костей голени</kwd><kwd>несостоятельный дистракционный регенерат</kwd><kwd>кровоснабжение дистракционного костного регенерата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ilizarov distractive osteosynthesis</kwd><kwd>replacement of a defect in the shin bones</kwd><kwd>insufficient distractive regenerate</kwd><kwd>blood supply of distractive bone regenerate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шаповалов В.М., Губочкин Н.Г., Микитюк С.И. 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