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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jkto</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-2016</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ПРОФИЛЬ — 2С</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/issn2226-2016.2025.4.53-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jkto-31</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинический опыт имплантации сфероидов аутологичных хондроцитов человека для лечения дефектов хряща коленного сустава</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical experience of implanting human autologous chondrocyte spheroids for the treatment of knee cartilage defects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-8149</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лычагин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lychagin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лычагин Алексей Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Lychagin – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.lychagin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистунов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistunov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свистунов Андрей Алексеевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор института цифрового биодизайна и искусственного интеллекта в медицине, руководитель проектного офиса центра "Цифрового биодизайна и персонализированного здравоохранения", первый проректор.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Svistunov – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director of the Institute of Digital Biodesign and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Head of the Project Office of the Center for Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare, First Vice-Rector of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svistunov_a_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-5613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинский</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinsky</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калинский Евгений Борисович – доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eugene B. Kalinsky – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Docent, Professor at Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalinsky_e_b@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаркави</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garkavi</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаркави Андрей Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Garkavi – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Professor of Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University.</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avgar22@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кавалерский</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kavalerskiy</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кавалерский Геннадий Михайлович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф института клинической медицины.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady M. Kavalersky - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University e Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery, Professor.</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gkavalerskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5483-0750</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрачев</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudrachev</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрачев Тагир Радикович – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tagir R. Kudrachev – Candidate of Medical Sciences, assistant of the Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kudrachev_t_r@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0015-0266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарук</surname><given-names>Ю. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharuk</surname><given-names>Yu. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гончарук Юлия Романовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya R. Goncharuk – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate professor of the Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goncharuk_yu_r@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4882-3553</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азаркин</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azarkin</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азаркин Кирилл Михайлович – ассистент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill M. Azarkin – assistant of the Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wilopt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0620-0014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погосян</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogosyan</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Погосян Давид Артурович – ассистент кафедры безопасности жизнедеятельности и медицины катастроф.</p><p>Москва, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>David A. Pogosyan – assistant of the Department of Life Safety and Disaster Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">david.pogos.41@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-5123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурдалов</surname><given-names>Э. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murdalov</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурдалов Эмирхан Эмирович – врач-травматолог-ортопед, Клиника МЕДСИ на Молодежной (Одинцово).</p><p>123056, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Emirkhan E. Murdalov – trauma and orthopedic surgeon, MEDSI Clinic on Molodyozhnaya (Odintsovo).</p><p>123056, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murdalov.emirhan1996@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov Fist Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>AO «Группа компаний МЕДСИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC “Medsi Group of Companies”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лычагин А.В., Свистунов А.А., Калинский Е.Б., Гаркави А.В., Кавалерский Г.М., Кудрачев Т.Р., Гончарук Ю.Р., Азаркин К.М., Погосян Д.А., Мурдалов Э.Э., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лычагин А.В., Свистунов А.А., Калинский Е.Б., Гаркави А.В., Кавалерский Г.М., Кудрачев Т.Р., Гончарук Ю.Р., Азаркин К.М., Погосян Д.А., Мурдалов Э.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lychagin A.V., Svistunov A.A., Kalinsky E.B., Garkavi A.V., Kavalerskiy G.M., Kudrachev T.R., Goncharuk Y.R., Azarkin K.M., Pogosyan D.A., Murdalov E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/31">https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/31</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Суставной хрящ обладает крайне ограниченным потенциалом к самовосстановлению, поэтому его повреждения нередко приводят к необратимым изменениям. Для восстановления хрящевой ткани разработаны различные технологии, среди которых имплантация аутологичных хондроцитов (ACI). Метод основан на культивировании аутологичных клеток, продуцирующих хрящевой матрикс, с последующей их имплантацией в зону дефекта суставного хряща.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Представить клинические случаи первого в России применения аутологичных хондроцитов человека в рутинной практике.</p><p>Материалы и методы исследования. Представлены два клинических случая с дефектами суставного хряща различной локализации. Период наблюдения пациентов составил 4 месяца. В ходе контрольных визитов проводились опросы пациентов, физикальный осмотр, оценка амплитуды движений и объективное клиническое обследование. МРТ целевых коленных суставов выполнялись до первого оперативного вмешательства и спустя 4 месяца после него. По представленной методике каждому пациенту были выполнены два хирургических вмешательства на целевом коленном суставе; во время операций осуществлена фотодокументация состояния сустава до и после имплантации аутологичных хондросфер.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В ходе наблюдения двух клинических случаев с дефектами суставного хряща, пролеченных методом имплантации сфероидов аутологичных хондроцитов, получены положительные ранние результаты. Отмечено снижение болевого синдрома, увеличение амплитуды движений и улучшение функционального состояния суставов. Контрольные МРТ прооперированных коленных суставов представленных пациентов через 4 месяца подтвердили формирование однородного регенерата и удовлетворительную интеграцию сфероидов с окружающим хрящом. Послеоперационный период протекал без осложнений, пациенты отмечали улучшение качества жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Имплантация сфероидов аутологичных хондроцитов представляет собой перспективный и эффективный метод восстановления хрящевых дефектов коленного сустава. Методика обеспечивает стойкое улучшение функции сустава и подтверждённую морфологически регенерацию хрящевой ткани.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Articular cartilage has a very limited capacity for self-repair; therefore, its damage often leads to irreversible changes. Various technologies have been developed for cartilage restoration, including autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). The method is based on culturing autologous cells that produce cartilage matrix, followed by their implantation into the articular cartilage defect.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Presentation of clinical cases of the first use of human autologous chondrocytes in routine practice in Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Two clinical cases of articular cartilage defects in different anatomical locations were analyzed. The follow-up period after implantation was 4 months. During routine visits, patients underwent interviews, physical examination, range-of-motion assessment, and objective clinical evaluation. MRI of the target knee joints was performed before the first surgical intervention and 4 months after second surgery. Two surgical procedures were carried out according to the described technique, with intraoperative photographic documentation of the joint before and after autologous chondrosphere implantation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During the follow-up of two clinical cases with articular cartilage defects treated with implantation of autologous chondrospheres, positive early outcomes were obtained. A reduction in pain, an increase in range of motion, and an improvement in joint function were observed. Follow-up MRI of the operated knee joints at 4 months confirmed the formation of a homogeneous regenerate and satisfactory integration of the chondrospheres with the surrounding cartilage. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patients reported an improvement in quality of life.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of autologous chondrospheres is a promising and effective method for repairing cartilage defects of the knee joint. The technique provides lasting improvement in joint function and morphologically confirmed cartilage regeneration.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутологичные хондроциты</kwd><kwd>хондросферы</kwd><kwd>дефект хряща надколенника</kwd><kwd>дефект хряща бедренной кости</kwd><kwd>БМКП</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autologous chondrocites</kwd><kwd>ACI</kwd><kwd>BCP</kwd><kwd>Articular cartilage</kwd><kwd>Chondral defect</kwd><kwd>Knee osteoarthritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buckwalter JA, Mankin HJ. Articular cartilage: degeneration and osteoarthritis, repair, regeneration, and transplantation. Instr Course Lect. 1998; 47: 487–504.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buckwalter JA, Mankin HJ. Articular cartilage: degeneration and osteoarthritis, repair, regeneration, and transplantation. 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