<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jkto</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-2016</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ПРОФИЛЬ — 2С</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2226-2016-2024-1-42-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">jkto-7</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пути достижения естественной кинематики при тотальном эндопротезировании коленного сустава</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ways to achieve natural kinematics during total knee replacement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабаев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sabaev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сабаев Сергей Сосланович – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением травматологии и ортопедии Клинической больницы «СОГМА» Минздрава России, заведующий кафедрой травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>ул. Пушкинская, д. 40, Владикавказ, 362019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sabaev Sergey Soslanovich – Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics </p><p>Pushkinskaya St., 40, Vladikavkaz, 362019</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9504-8208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаев</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaev</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусаев Дадоджон Бахтиёрович – врач травматолог-ортопед, ассистент кафедры травматологии и ортопедии </p><p>ул. Пушкинская, д. 40, Владикавказ, 362019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Musaev Dadodzhon Bakhtiyorovich – Orthopedic Surgeon, Assistant at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics </p><p>Pushkinskaya St., 40, Vladikavkaz, 362019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dadojon190295@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюкова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Biriukova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бирюкова Оксана Юрьевна – врач травматолог-ортопед, ассистент кафедры травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>ул. Пушкинская, д. 40, Владикавказ, 362019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biriukova Oksana Iurevna – Orthopedic Surgeon, Assistant at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>Pushkinskaya St., 40, Vladikavkaz, 362019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">reoks@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI of HE «North Ossetian state medical academy» of the Ministry healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI of HE «North Ossetian state medical academy» of the Ministry healthcare of the r Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сабаев С.С., Мусаев Д.Б., Бирюкова О.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сабаев С.С., Мусаев Д.Б., Бирюкова О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sabaev S.S., Musaev D.B., Biriukova O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/7">https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/7</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Эндопротезирование коленного сустава, являясь достаточно успешной операцией, не всегда оправдывает ожидания пациентов. У значительной части из них имеются ограничение некоторых важных видов повседневной деятельности. Повышение степени удовлетворенности определяет актуальность данной публикации.</p></sec><sec><title>Цели работы</title><p>Цели работы. Улучшить показатели удовлетворенности пациентов после эндопротезирования коленного сустава путем воссоздания естественной биомеханики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Гипотеза о значимости операционного доступа и хирургической техники для восстановления функции легла в основу исследования. В работу вошли 164 пациента с остеоартритом III-IV степени по Kellgren-Lawrence, которым выполнено тотальная артропластика коленного сустава эндопротезом с сохранением задней крестообразной связки (Triathlon). Все пациенты были разделены на две клинические группы. В первую группу включены 85 пациентов (51,8%), которым выполнялось ТЭКС традиционной техникой механического выравнивания. Во вторую – 79 пациентов (48,2%), оперированных по разработанному нами протоколу, включавшего принципы кинематического выравнивания и технику артропластики с сохранением разгибательного аппарата и мест прикрепления связок. Мы провели сравнительную оценку послеоперационных функциональных результатов различных техник эндопротезирования коленного сустава</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ результатов по шкалам OKS, WOMAK, KSS, определил лучшие показатели в основной группе, особенно на ранних сроках послеоперационного наблюдения. Хотя с увеличением периода послеоперационного наблюдения преимущество основной группы пациентов по традиционным шкалам постепенно утрачивалось. Однако шкала FJS-12 значимо показала большую удовлетворенность в основной группе.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Восстановление естественной биомеханики коленного сустава – залог успеха удовлетворенности пациентов после артропластики. Основой этого воссоздания является сохранение кинематических осей движений коленного сустава и нормальных взаимоотношений мягкотканых структур.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Being a fairly successful operation knee replacement does not always meet the expectations of patients. Significant parts of them have restrictions on some important types of daily activities. Increasing the degree of satisfaction determines the relevance of this publication.</p></sec><sec><title>The aim of the study</title><p>The aim of the study. To improve patient satisfaction rates after knee replacement by recreating natural biomechanics.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The hypothesis of the importance of surgical access and surgical techniques for restoring function formed the basis of the study. The study included 164 patients with grade III-IV Kellgren-Lawrence osteoarthritis who underwent total knee replacement with cruciate retaining implant (Triathlon). All patients were divided into two clinical groups. The first group included 85 patients (51.8%) who underwent TKA with a traditional mechanical alignment technique. The second group consisted of 79 patients (48.2%) who underwent surgery according to the protocol we developed, which included the principles of kinematic alignment and the technique of arthroplasty while preserving the extensor apparatus and ligament attachment sites. We conducted a comparative assessment of the postoperative functional results of various knee arthroplasty techniques.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis of the results on the OKS, WOMAK, and KSS scales determined superior indicators in the main group, especially in the early stages of postoperative follow-up. Although with an increase in the period of postoperative follow-up, the advantage of the main group of patients according to traditional scales was gradually lost. However, the FJS-12 scale significantly showed greater satisfaction in the main group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Restoration of the natural biomechanics of the knee joint is the key to patient satisfaction after arthroplasty. The basis of this reconstruction is the preservation of the kinematic axes of knee joint movements and the normal relationships of soft-tissue structures.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коленный сустав</kwd><kwd>артропластика</kwd><kwd>кинематическое выравнивание</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>knee joint</kwd><kwd>arthroplasty</kwd><kwd>kinematic alignment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study had no sponsorship.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bourne RB, Chesworth BM, Davis AM, Mahomed NN, Charron KD. Patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty: who is satisfied and who is not? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010;468(1):57-63. doi: 10.1007/s11999-009-1119-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bourne RB, Chesworth BM, Davis AM, Mahomed NN, Charron KD. Patient satisfaction after total knee arthroplasty: who is satisfied and who is not? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010;468(1):57-63. doi: 10.1007/s11999-009-1119-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noble PC, Gordon MJ, Weiss JM, Reddix RN, Conditt MA, Mathis KB. Does total knee replacement restore normal knee function? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005;(431):157-65. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000150130.03519.fb.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noble PC, Gordon MJ, Weiss JM, Reddix RN, Conditt MA, Mathis KB. Does total knee replacement restore normal knee function? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005;(431):157-65. doi: 10.1097/01.blo.0000150130.03519.fb.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rivière C, Iranpour F, Auvinet E, Howell S, Vendittoli PA, Cobb J, Parratte S. Alignment options for total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2017;103(7):1047-1056. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2017.07.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rivière C, Iranpour F, Auvinet E, Howell S, Vendittoli PA, Cobb J, Parratte S. Alignment options for total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2017;103(7):1047-1056. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2017.07.010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hirschmann MT, Becker R, Tandogan R, Vendittoli PA, Howell S. Alignment in TKA: what has been clear is not anymore! Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019;27(7):2037-2039. doi: 10.1007/s00167-019-05558-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hirschmann MT, Becker R, Tandogan R, Vendittoli PA, Howell S. Alignment in TKA: what has been clear is not anymore! Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2019;27(7):2037-2039. doi: 10.1007/s00167-019-05558-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bellemans J, Colyn W, Vandenneucker H, Victor J. The Chitranjan Ranawat award: is neutral mechanical alignment normal for all patients? The concept of constitutional varus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012;470(1):45- 53. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-1936-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bellemans J, Colyn W, Vandenneucker H, Victor J. The Chitranjan Ranawat award: is neutral mechanical alignment normal for all patients? The concept of constitutional varus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012;470(1):45- 53. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-1936-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. Almaawi AM, Hutt JRB, Masse V, Lavigne M, Vendittoli PA. The Impact of Mechanical and Restricted Kinematic Alignment on Knee Anatomy in Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2017;32(7):2133-2140. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.02.028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. Almaawi AM, Hutt JRB, Masse V, Lavigne M, Vendittoli PA. The Impact of Mechanical and Restricted Kinematic Alignment on Knee Anatomy in Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2017;32(7):2133-2140. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2017.02.028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Howell SM, Roth JD, Hull ML. Kinematic Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty. Definition,History, Principle, Surgical Technique, and Results of an Alignment Option for TKA. Arthropaedia. 2014;1:44-53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Howell SM, Roth JD, Hull ML. Kinematic Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty. Definition,History, Principle, Surgical Technique, and Results of an Alignment Option for TKA. Arthropaedia. 2014;1:44-53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hiranaka T, Suda Y, Saitoh A, Tanaka A, Arimoto A, Koide M, Fujishiro T, Okamoto K. Current concept of kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty and its derivatives. Bone Jt Open. 2022;3(5):390-397. doi: 10.1302/2633-1462.35.BJO-2022-0021.R2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hiranaka T, Suda Y, Saitoh A, Tanaka A, Arimoto A, Koide M, Fujishiro T, Okamoto K. Current concept of kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty and its derivatives. Bone Jt Open. 2022;3(5):390-397. doi: 10.1302/2633-1462.35.BJO-2022-0021.R2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamilton DF. Physiological and mechanical influences on muscle function following total knee arthroplasty. University of Edinburgh. 2011. 231 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hamilton DF. Physiological and mechanical influences on muscle function following total knee arthroplasty. University of Edinburgh. 2011. 231 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mizner RL, Petterson SC, Clements KE, Zeni JA Jr, Irrgang JJ, Snyder-Mackler L. Measuring functional improvement after total knee arthroplasty requires both performance-based and patient-report assessments: a longitudinal analysis of outcomes. J Arthroplasty. 2011;26(5):728-37. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2010.06.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mizner RL, Petterson SC, Clements KE, Zeni JA Jr, Irrgang JJ, Snyder-Mackler L. Measuring functional improvement after total knee arthroplasty requires both performance-based and patient-report assessments: a longitudinal analysis of outcomes. J Arthroplasty. 2011;26(5):728-37. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2010.06.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoshino N, Watanabe N, Watanabe Y, Fukuda Y, Takai S. Measurement of joint gap load in patella everted and reset position during total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2009;17(5):484-90. doi: 10.1007/s00167-008-0656-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoshino N, Watanabe N, Watanabe Y, Fukuda Y, Takai S. Measurement of joint gap load in patella everted and reset position during total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2009;17(5):484-90. doi: 10.1007/s00167-008-0656-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christensen CP, Stewart AH, Jacobs CA. Soft tissue releases affect the femoral component rotation necessary to create a balanced flexion gap during total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2013;28(9):1528-32. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2013.01.008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christensen CP, Stewart AH, Jacobs CA. Soft tissue releases affect the femoral component rotation necessary to create a balanced flexion gap during total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2013;28(9):1528-32. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2013.01.008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niki Y, Nagura T, Nagai K, Kobayashi S, Harato K. Kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty reduces knee adduction moment more than mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2018;26(6):1629-1635. doi: 10.1007/s00167-017-4788-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niki Y, Nagura T, Nagai K, Kobayashi S, Harato K. Kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty reduces knee adduction moment more than mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2018;26(6):1629-1635. doi: 10.1007/s00167-017-4788-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shelton TJ, Gill M, Athwal G, Howell SM, Hull ML. Outcomes in Patients with a Calipered Kinematically Aligned TKA That Already Had a Contralateral Mechanically Aligned TKA. J Knee Surg. 2021;34(1):87-93. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1693000.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shelton TJ, Gill M, Athwal G, Howell SM, Hull ML. Outcomes in Patients with a Calipered Kinematically Aligned TKA That Already Had a Contralateral Mechanically Aligned TKA. J Knee Surg. 2021;34(1):87-93. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1693000.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blakeney W, Clément J, Desmeules F, Hagemeister N, Riviеre C, Vendittoli PA. Kinematic alignment in total knee arthroplasty better reproduces normal gait than mechanical alignment. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019;27:1410–1417. doi: 10.1007/s00167-018-5174-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blakeney W, Clément J, Desmeules F, Hagemeister N, Riviеre C, Vendittoli PA. Kinematic alignment in total knee arthroplasty better reproduces normal gait than mechanical alignment. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019;27:1410–1417. doi: 10.1007/s00167-018-5174-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
