jktoКафедра травматологии и ортопедииDepartment of Traumatology and Orthopaedics2226-2016ПРОФИЛЬ — 2С10.17238/2226-2016-2024-2-45-52jkto-71Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕORIGINAL RESEARCHБИОМЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ НАДКОЛЕННИКА В НОРМЕ И ПРИ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИИ МЕДИАЛЬНОЙ ПАТЕЛЛОФЕМОРАЛЬНОЙ СВЯЗКИBIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF THE PATELLA IN NORMAL CONDITIONS AND WITH RUPTURE OF THE MEDIAL PATELLOFEMORAL LIGAMENThttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-5613КалинскийE. Б.KalinskyE. B.

Калинский Евгений Борисович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

Москва, 119991

Eugene B. Kalinsky – MD, PhD, Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery

119991 Moscow

kalinskiy_e_b@staff.sechenov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4288-9069ЮроваА. С.YurovaA. S.

Юрова Александра Сергеевна – канд. физ.-мат. наук, научный сотрудник

г. Москва, 119333

Alexandra S. Yurova – PhD, researcher

Moscow, 119333

alexandra.yurova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2202-8149ЛычагинА. В.LychaginA. V.

Лычагин Алексей Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

Москва, 119991

Alexey V. Lychagin – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery

Moscow, 119991

lychagin_a_v@staff.sechenov.ruКавалерскийГ. М.KavalerskyG. M.

Кавалерский Геннадий Михайлович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

Москва, 119991

Gennadiy M. Kavalersky – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery

Moscow, 119991

gkavalerskiy@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4718-1377ВасилевскийЮ. В.VassilevskiY. V.

Василевский Юрий Викторович – доктор физ.-мат. наук, заместитель директора по науке; зав. кафедрой высшей математики, механики и математического моделирования

Москва, 119991

Yuri V. Vassilevski – Dr. of Sci. (Mathematics), Deputy Director for science; Head of Mathematics, Mechanics and MathematicalModelling Department

Moscow, 119048

Moscow, 119333

Sochi, 354340

yuri.vassilevski@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-6921-6423ТягуноваА. И.TyagunovaA. I.

Тягунова Александра Игоревна – магистрант

Москва, 119991

г. Сочи, 354340

Alexandra I. Tyagunova – student

Moscow, 119048

Sochi, 354340

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3901-750XЛогиновФ. Б.LoginovF. B.

Логинов Федор Борисович – магистрант

119991, Москва

Fedor B. Loginov – student

Moscow, 119048

loginov.f@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-4468ГрицюкА. А.GritsyukA. A.

Грицюк Андрей Анатольевич – доктор мед. наук, профессор кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

119991, Москва

Andrey A. Gritsyuk – MD, PhD, Department of Trauma, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery I.M. Sechenov

119991 Moscow

drgaamma@gmail.comТарабаркоИ. Н.TarabarkoI. N.

Тарабарко Иван Николаевич – ассистент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

Москва, 119991

Ivan N. Tarabarko – assistant of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery

Moscow, 119048

АлиевР. И.AlievR. I.

Алиев Руслан Исаевич – ассистент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

Москва, 119991

Ruslan I. Aliev – assistant of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery

Moscow, 119048

БогдановМ. М.BogdanovM. M.

Богданов Максим Михайлович – ассистент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

119991, Москва

Maxim M. Bogdanov – assistant of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery

Moscow, 119048

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1240-4064ЛипинаМ. М.LipinaM. M.

Липина Марина Михайловна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

119991, Москва

Marina M. Lipina – PhD, assistant professor at Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery

Moscow, 119048

lipina_m_m@staff.sehenov.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-4882-3553АзаркинК. М.AzarkinK. M.

Азаркин Кирилл Михайлович – аспирант кафедры травматологии, ортопедии и хирургии катастроф

Москва, 119991

Kirill M. Azarkin – postgraduate student at Department of traumatology, orthopedics and disaster surgery

Moscow, 119991

wilopt@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4857-8621БабковаА. А.BabkovaA. A.

Анна Анатольевна Бабкова – доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии ИКМ им. Н.В. Склифосовского

119991, Москва

Anna A. Babkova – Ph.D., Assistant professor of the Radiology department

Moscow, 119048

babkova_a_a@staff.sechenov.ruФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian FederationФГБУН Институт вычислительной математики им. Г.И. Марчука Российской академии наукРоссияMarchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); ФГБУН Институт вычислительной математики им. Г.И. Марчука Российской академии наукРоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences; Sirius UniversityRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); Автономная некоммерческая образовательная организация высшего образования Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Sirius UniversityRussian Federation202413032026024552Copyright © Калинский E.Б., Юрова А.С., Лычагин А.В., Кавалерский Г.М., Василевский Ю.В., Тягунова А.И., Логинов Ф.Б., Грицюк А.А., Тарабарко И.Н., Алиев Р.И., Богданов М.М., Липина М.М., Азаркин К.М., Бабкова А.А., 20262026Калинский E.Б., Юрова А.С., Лычагин А.В., Кавалерский Г.М., Василевский Ю.В., Тягунова А.И., Логинов Ф.Б., Грицюк А.А., Тарабарко И.Н., Алиев Р.И., Богданов М.М., Липина М.М., Азаркин К.М., Бабкова А.А.Kalinsky E.B., Yurova A.S., Lychagin A.V., Kavalersky G.M., Vassilevski Y.V., Tyagunova A.I., Loginov F.B., Gritsyuk A.A., Tarabarko I.N., Aliev R.I., Bogdanov M.M., Lipina M.M., Azarkin K.M., Babkova A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jkto.moscow/jour/article/view/71

Цель исследования: Разработать биомеханическую модель коленного сустава с детальным представлением пателлофеморального сегмента, учитывающую нормальную анатомию костей, суставов, связок и мышц, а также изучить движение надколенника при пассивном сгибании колена.Материалы и методы: Архитектура модели была создана с использованием платформы OpenSim. В модель включены пателлофеморальный сустав с 6 степенями свободы, стабилизаторы надколенника – медиальная пателлофеморальная связка (MPFL), медиальная пателлотибиальная связка (MPTL), латеральный ретинакулум (LR) и контактные поверхности надколенника. Для создания контактных поверхностей использовались Gmsh и Paraview. Моделирование пассивного сгибания коленного сустава с последовательным исключением стабилизаторов надколенника проводилось для оценки их влияния на движение надколенника.Результаты: Разработанная биомеханическая модель позволяет детально анализировать нормальную динамику надколенника и роль различных анатомических структур в его функционировании, что делает её пригодной для дальнейших исследований. Эксперимент с участием всех связок показывает физиологическую норму. Отключение MPTL минимально влияет на наклон и перемещение надколенника, что связано с её небольшим размером. Деактивация MPFL приводит к увеличению латерального наклона и смещения надколенника. Деактивация компонентов LR 1 и 2 вызывает больший медиальный наклон и смещение, а деактивация компонентов 3 и 4 LR приводит к увеличенному латеральному смещению и небольшому дополнительному медиальному наклону.Заключение: результаты показывают, что все связки важны для нормального движения надколенника, подчеркивая важность стабилизирующих структур для поддержания его стабильности при сгибании колена.

The aim of the study is to develop a biomechanical model of the knee joint with a detailed representation of the patellofemoral segment, taking into account the normal anatomy of bones, joints, ligaments and muscles, and to study the movement of the patella during passive knee flexion.Materials and Methods: The model architecture was created using the OpenSim platform. The model includes a 6-DOF patellofemoral joint, patellar stabilizers—medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), medial patellotibial ligament (MPTL), lateral retinaculum (LR), and patellar contact surfaces. Gmsh and Paraview were used to create contact surfaces. Simulations of passive knee flexion with sequential exclusion of patellar stabilizers were performed to evaluate their effect on patellar motion.Results: The developed biomechanical model allows a detailed analysis of the normal dynamics of the patella and the role of various anatomical structures in its functioning, which makes it suitable for further research. An experiment involving all ligaments shows the physiological norm. Disabling the MPTL has minimal effect on patellar tilt and movement due to its small size. Deactivation of the MPFL results in increased lateral tilt and patellar displacement. Deactivation of LR components 1 and 2 causes greater medial tilt and displacement, and deactivation of LR components 3 and 4 results in increased lateral displacement and small additional medial tilt.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.