Evaluation of collagen membrane osseointegration in the reconstruction of the ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint (experimental study)

Introduction. Ligament tears and injuries are one of the most common pathologies of the knee joint. For the purpose of ligament reconstruction and joint stabilization tendon autografts are used successfully in clinical practice. However, these techniques have several flaws and limitations. Thus, developing new methods of ligament reconstruction and application of various biomaterials for these purposes is a relevant route in orthopaedics.
The aim of the study. Evaluation of the collagen membrane’s osteointegration in anterior cruciate and external collateral ligaments’ reconstruction in animal models.
Materials and methods. Experimental study on the animal model. All animals underwent surgical intervention - reconstruction of the anterior cruciate (ACL) and external collateral ligaments (OCL) of the knee joint. Histological examination of the preparations was carried out after the animals were taken out of the experiment.
Results. At all stages there was observed the regeneration of the bone trabeculae in the bone tissue around the implant which testifies to a good ability of the implant to osseointegration. No pathological changes were found in the tissues around the implant at any point of time which proves good biocompatibility of the implanted material.
Conclusion. Tissue engineering and the use of collagen biopolymers for ligament reconstruction is a promising alternative to autoplasty.

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