Influence of blood vitamin D level on the appearance of femo neck fractures

Introduction. Over the past centuries, there has been a significant improvement in the quality of life of people, medical care and, in general, the social status of a person, and as a result, an increase in older people. However, this generally positive fact is the reason for the increase in the incidence of a number of chronic diseases in the general population, including osteoporosis. Bone fractures are a common injury in elderly and senile people against the background of osteoporosis. Fractures of the femoral neck are recognized as the most difficult in treatment and rehabilitation due to the high level of mortality and complications. In this regard, the prediction of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures is an urgent problem.

Purpose: to consider the current state of the problem and the effectiveness of using a prognostic assessment of the level of vitamin D in the blood for the occurrence of femoral neck fractures to justify the feasibility of conducting this kind of research.

Materials and methods: analysis and synthesis of articles in the amount of 31 sources of the MEDLINE, Scopus, CyberLeninka and eLIBRARY databases for the period from 2010 to 2022.

Conclusions: among the prognostic factors of a femoral neck fracture and an increase in the body's reparative potencies, many studies indicate a sufficient level of vitamin D in the blood serum. It is noted that bone health, maintenance of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis in the body depends on the level of vitamin D. It acts as a protector of osteomalacia. It has been proven that the required level of vitamin D in the blood promotes bone mineralization, prevents the development of osteoporosis and reduces the risk of osteoporotic fractures. This, of course, led to the fact that doctors began to increasingly prescribe vitamin D. Numerous epidemiological and interventional studies have found an association between vitamin D and certain bone and non-bone pathologies, with an increase in incidence with age. Against the background of vitamin D deficiency, markers of bone tissue metabolism and its structural and functional organization change. Thus, the features of the effect of vitamin D on bone and muscle tissue, the frequency of falls, and the reduction in the risk of developing osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures, especially in older age groups, have been proven. Prognostic markers (in particular, the concentration of vitamin D) can serve as additional indicators of the probable development and complicated course of osteoporosis. Therefore, in modern predictive medicine, regular screening for the detection of the level of vitamin D in the blood in older age groups is necessary.

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