Surgical Treatment of Calcaneal Malunion: Literature Review

Introduction. The consequences of calcaneal fractures cause persistent disability of patients and decrease their quality of life. Typical manifestations include hindfoot deformity, flatfoot and subtalar arthrosis. Persistent post-traumatic deformities over time lead to pathologic biomechanics of the foot and impaired kinematics and kinetics of the lower limbs and pelvis. To improve function, reduce pain syndrome, and prevent arthrosis of adjacent joints, it is necessary to correct the deformity and stabilize the hindfoot of the injured foot surgically.

The aim of the research: To determine the current state of the problem of surgical treatment of stale calcaneal fractures based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature.

Materials and methods. Publications were searched in the following scientific electronic platforms - Pubmed, eLIBRARY with a search depth of 36 years (from 1988 to 2024). A keyword search was conducted and potentially relevant papers were identified. After reviewing the full texts of the studies, a systematic parsing of the data was performed, followed by identification of key parameters. The results were highlighted, analyzed and summarized. Results. The paper touches upon the issues devoted to clinical manifestations, methods of radial diagnosis, classification and surgical approaches to the correction of various types of deformities resulting from improper heel bone fracture fusion. Successful correction of posttraumatic deformity of the calcaneus requires a comprehensive and comprehensive examination of the patient. Modern systems of deformity classification and correction help orthopedists in choosing the optimal surgical tactics, but the issue of performing these interventions in routine practice remains controversial and requires further study and discussion.

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